ENTS Courseware

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Contents

ENTS KIDS

Possible Formats

  1. Standard course based
  2. In-class demonstrations
  3. Parent+child classes

Schedule

Topics

Soldering

  • Chemistry of solder: Why Lead Free solder?
  • Chemistry of Flux: Why do we use flux? Why Resin, Acid or Water based?
  • The difference between solder and welding
  • Blob or Twist? Mechanical Strength and stability
  • Free-Form or PCB? Advanced Stabilization techniques
  • Solder gun, Solder Pencil, Solder Paste, Reflow, and Reheat
  • Through hole, and Surface Mount

Electronics

  • The concept of a Circuit
  • Serial versus Parallel, or Series Parallel
  • Ohms Law, Voltage, Amperage and Resistance
  • The concept of D.C. versus A.C.
  • DC Circuits
    • Batteries
    • Wattage, Joules, and Energy Storage Density
      • The Flashlight circuit
      • The LED variation and Polarity
      • The concept of "Voltage Drop"
    • Resistance and Voltage Drop
      • The voltage divider
      • Serial LED circuits
      • Parallel LED circuits
      • The concept of "Amperage Limits"
      • Resistance and Amperage Limiting
      • Measuring Voltage, Resistance, and Amperage
    • Capacitors
      • Capacitors as electrical storage
  • AC circuits
    • Frequency, High Frequency, Low Frequency, and Band Frequencies
    • Period, and wavelength in frequency
      • Capacitors as Filters (Ripple Management)
      • High Pass, Low Pass, Band Pass
      • High Block, Low Block, Band Block
      • Coupling and Decoupling A.C. and D.C. components of a signal
      • Signals in D.C. (Binary and Analog)
      • Digital Signals versus Analog Signals
      • Analog to Digital Conversions
      • Digital to Analog Conversions
    • Inductors
      • Magentic theory: Every Wire is an inductor
      • Creating Magnetic Fields, Electrical currents create magnetism
      • Detecting Magnetic Fields Moving Magnetic fields create electrical currents
      • The Building and Collapse of the Magnetic Field in A.C. currents
      • The A.C. Current, and Electro-magnetics (solenoids, electromagnets and Railguns)
      • Coils, Antennas, and other "Shaped Inductors"
      • Generators, Alternators, and Power Generation
      • Transformation, the A.C. to A.C. conversion of voltage
      • Inductors as filters
        • High Pass, low pass, and band pass filters
        • High Block, High Block, and Band Block filters
      • The Sine Wave versus the Cosine Wave
      • The Idea of Phase
      • Capacitance Phase changes
      • Inductive Phase changes
      • Phase versus Power Factor
      • The concept of a TANK circuit
      • Reactance and the concept of phase as resistance to flow
      • Radio-Waves, What is reception and transmission?
  • Active Circuits
    • The idea of Semi-conductors
    • N doped Semi-conductors
    • P doped Semi-conductors
    • The idea of NP junctions
    • The Diode
      • Polarity of Diodes
      • Back Voltage, and Breakdown voltage
      • Junction minimum voltages
      • Converting A.C. to D.C. using diodes
      • The Bridge
      • The Half-Bridge
      • Other Bridge Circuits
    • NPN junctions (transistors)
    • PNP junctions (transistors)
      • The Transistor as Switch
      • The Transistor as Amplifier
      • The Transistor as Invertor
      • The Transistor as an adjustable Capacitor
      • The Transistor as an adjustable Resistor
      • The Transistors minimum voltage
      • Ranges of Transistors
      • Switching speed versus Transistor size
      • Switching Capacitance of Large Transistors
      • The need to decouple large transistors
      • Open Sink, Versus closed sink outputs
      • Tristate why a high inductance output limits transistor response
      • Current limiting of Transistor Outputs

Radio

  • What is a Spectrum
  • The Radio Spectrum
  • Generating Radio waves by Induction
  • Why both the transmitter and the receiver have Frequency Control circuits
  • The RC, RL, and Tank Circuits versus the Quartz Crystal
  • Resonance and Reactance
  • Amperage and Voltage Versus Radio Range
  • Amplitude Modulation (AM)
  • Frequency Modulation (FM)
  • Frequency Jumping, and Spread Spectrum
  • Cellular Concepts
    • What is a Cell
    • Why does reception vary across the City/Country
    • Traveling from Cell to Cell
    • Digital vs. Analog Cell Signals
    • Does A Digital Signal assure privacy?
      • Encryption versus Coding

Robotics

  • basic analog
    • line follower
    • wall follower
    • Photo-vore/Photo-phobe
    • Tensor Control Systems
    • Analog RC (wire guided)
  • basic digital
    • wall/line follower
    • servo/range sensor/Optical feedback devices
    • IR/Sonar/Mechanical "Senses"
    • logic based actions
      • Hard Programs (CRC devices, 3D printers etc.)
  • A.I. based Robotics (added for completeness, probably too advanced for age range)
    • Rule Bases
    • Fuzzy Logic
    • Inductive Control (I.E. Power-Hunger)
    • Darwin and other BBD's
  • Control Schemes (added for completeness TX 2B/RX 2B are readily available in cheap toys)
    • Digital RC (TX2B/RX2B)
    • Semi-Autonomous robots
    • UAV's and Autonomous Robots
    • Social Robots,
    • Robots as Agents, Multi-Robot Language and Mapping Strategies

Mechanics

  • The Fulcrum/Axle
  • The Wheel
  • The Lever
  • The Spring
  • The shaft
  • The spur gear
  • The Rack gear
  • The Worm gear
  • The Pulley
  • The Motor
  • Engines of Different Types as Motors

Welding

  • The difference between welding and soldering
    • Ceramics and Syntering as welding
      • The Plastic Limit and the Phase change between solid and liquid
  • Metal to Metal Welding
    • Dissimilar metal concerns
    • Thermite and aluminum welding
    • Brasing a case in point
    • Oxy-Fuel cutting and welding
    • The Stinger and Rod Welding Technique
    • Wire welding
      • Metal in Gas Welding
        • CO2
        • Argon
        • Helium
        • Titanium in Gas Welding
    • Capacitance Welding Techniques (and why not to solder directly on batteries)
    • Powder in Gas, (often laser heated) Welding
      • Advanced Additive Welding Techniques similar to 3D printing
  • Plastic to Plastic Welding
    • Plastic cutting with the "Hot Wire" Technique
    • Plastic Welding using Plastic welding rods
    • Plastic Lamination as Welding
    • Concerns with Welding dissimilar plastics
    • 3D Printing as a Plastic Welding Technique

Machining

  • The Artist Freeing the Art from the Media
  • Shaping things by removing material
  • Basic Safety around power tools
  • Making Holes with a drill by hand
  • The Brace and Bit, Rotary Drilling becomes practical
  • The Hand Drill and Bits
  • Constraints on movement, Why the Drill Press is better
  • The Lathe
    • The Pottery Wheel, shaping Mud
    • The early Whip Shaft Lathe
    • Rotary Lathes
    • Steam Powered Lathes
    • Electrical Powered Lathes
    • The Modern Wood Lathe
    • The Modern Metal Lathe
    • CNC Lathes
    • Turret Lathes
  • The Mill, (Turning the Lathe on end)
    • The Router, a Hand-Mill
    • The Router Table, better quality
    • The Router Jigs
    • The Machining Mill, as Controlled combination of drill press and Router Table
    • The CNC Mini-Mill
    • The CNC Mill
    • CNC Panel Board Milling

Carpentry

  • Working with wood
  • Basic Safety around power tools
  • The use of sandpaper
    • Sandpaper Coarseness versus surface roughness
    • Removing Finishes, and coarser paper to break the finish
    • Advancing from coarse to fine to improve the finish
    • The use of rouge for fine surfaces
    • Power sanders
      • The Orbital Sander, (and finishing sander)
      • The Belt Sander
      • Shaping with the Spindle sander
      • The hand Disk Sander
      • The Table Disk/Belt Sander
  • Cutting wood
    • Stress Relief on the blade, Notches and stress when cutting
    • Sharpening versus Honing
    • care of blades
  • The knife
    • Whittling by hand
    • The use of hand chisels
    • Special Care for hand chisels
    • The use of "Hammer Type Chisels"
    • The Hollowground chizel blade and why it exists
    • The Hand Plane, Shaving off thin surface irregularities
      • Specialized types of hand planes
    • The Powered Hand Plane
    • The Dimensioning Plane
    • The shaper/edger
  • Composite Blades
    • The file as a gang of blades
      • Coarseness versus surface roughness
      • Draw Filing to reduce surface roughness
      • The Rasp, fast removal of material for shaping
      • The file/Rasp Blade profile and what type of material removal to use it for
      • Cleaning the file to keep it cutting well
    • Burrs, and Grinding Tools
      • Using in a Dremel or Router to do detail work
    • Drills, Blade and Shaft Types
    • Drilling by Hand
    • Drilling with a Drill Press
    • Special Types of Drill Bits (Forstner Bits, etc.)
    • The basic set of Router Bits
      • Profiles
      • Rabits
      • Grooves
      • Pilot type bits
      • Guides Jigs, and Tables making a hand Router more useable
    • The lathe
      • Basic Lathe Safety
      • The tool-rest and Lathe chizel types
      • Turning speed versus cut-depth/Hardness of wood
      • Turning bowls etc.
      • Profile turning with a pantograph and a profile
    • The saw as a linear gang of blades
    • Saw tooth styles
    • The Hand Saw
      • The crosscut saw
      • The Rip saw
      • The coping saw
      • The Hack Saw
      • The Miter Saw
      • Blade sharpening techniques
      • Long-Lasting carbide Tips on blades
      • Specialized Saw Blades
    • The Power Saw
      • The circular saw
        • The Skill Saw or Hand Circular Saw
        • The Table saw
        • The chop-saw, Miter-saw, Compound Miter saw
        • The Panel Saw
      • Other types of power saws
        • The Reciprocating or Saws-all Saw
        • The Scroll Saw
        • The Belt Saw
        • The Gang Saw
        • The Chipping Saw

Painting and Finishing

  • The chemistry of Paint
    • Oil versus Latex
    • Health aspects of new Plastic/Organic paints
    • Tints, Stains, and toxicity
    • Why Lead in paint is discouraged
  • Getting a smooth even layer
    • Using a Brush
    • Using a roller
    • Using a Sprayer/spraybomb
    • Using a Powder coat
  • preparation for painting/staining etc.
    • scuffed but even surfaces, getting the paint to stick
    • Dry, Clean Surfaces
    • Opening the pores of wood etc.
    • Matching the chemistry to the Material being painted
    • Matching the chemistry to the expected environment
    • Masking and covering against spills/overspray
  • The Painting Environment
      • Ventilation versus Protection from contamination
      • Paint booths for fine finishes
      • Curing versus Baking how to harden the paint
      • The painters Mask, why different masks for different paints
      • Why White Coveralls?
  • Clear Coats, Varnish, Shellac, etc.
    • Putting on a shine
    • Shellac, and Varnish, getting depth to the shine
    • Clear Coats, and Varathane, a hardy clear surface to the paint/stain
    • Oils and waxes Nourishing the wood, to keep it from drying out

Photography

  • high quality pin hole camera
  • The theory of photo-lithography
  • The DarkRoom is it obsolete? Why you might not want to get your film developed by a service
  • Quick-shots versus SLR cameras why look out the lens?
  • Digital versus Film which is better?
  • The theory of Digital Cameras
  • Scanners versus Digital Cameras
  • Image Manipulation, and Quality Control
  • The controls on your camera
    • Fstop
    • Shutter Speed
    • Lens size versus Light/Focus Depth etc.
    • The Zoom, which is better optical zoom or digital zoom
    • Focus versus infinity
    • Macro-Modes
    • Flash versus Fstop/shutterspeed
    • should I use a filter?
    • Making Movies
    • Making Panaramas
    • Making Time-delay movies
    • High Speed Cameras and slowing down fast events.
    • Hacking your camera

Movie Making

  • The script
  • The StoryBoard
  • Do you really need that silly clacker thing?
  • The idea of short-takes, and long editing sessions
  • The Cutting Room Floor (So to speak)
  • Consistency versus long filming periods

Writing

CAD/3d Printing

  • basic 3d design using free google sketchup
    • print 3d model or model object from thingiverse
  • 3d scan using kinect
    • possibly print the result of the scanned model, eg your face as a keychain
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